Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) |
leaves, shoots, bark, twigs and pits |
cyanogenic glycosides |
Rapid Breathing,
Low Blood Pressure,
Red Comb Or Wattles,
Seizures,
Incoordination,
Constipation,
Weight Loss,
Difficulty Breathing,
Death. |
Avocado (Persea
americana) |
Pit, leaves, unripe fruit,
stems |
Unknown but related to
cardiac toxicity possiblly a fatty acid derivative called persin |
Weakness, inability to
perch, labored breathing, feather fluffing |
Arrowgrass (Triglochin maritima) |
leaves |
cyanogenic glycosides |
Hypersalivation,
Difficulty Breathing,
Incoordination,
Cyanosis,
Staggering,
Convulsions,
Sudden Death. |
Azalea (Rhododendron spp) |
leaves,stems, flowers |
cardiac glycosides |
Diarrhea
Tremors,
Cardiac Irregularities,
Weakness,
Edema,
Weakened Heart Rate,
Seizures,
Death. |
Bellyache bush (Jatropha gossypifolia) |
Bark, leaves, seeds |
purgative oil and curcin |
Appetite Loss,
Diarrhea,
Weight Loss,
Dehydration,
Dilated Pupils,
Elevated Heart Rate,
Death. |
Bitter Almond (Prunus dulcis) |
leaves, seeds |
cyanogenic diglucoside amygdalin |
Blue-Purplish Comb/Wattles,
Weakness,
Sudden Death. |
Bitter Root (Lewisia rediviva) |
entire plant |
cardiac glycosides |
Diarrhea,
Weakness,
Cardiac Arrhythmias,
Increased Temperature And Pulse,
Dilated Pupils,
Cold Extremities,
Loss Of Appetite,
Discolored Mucous Membrane. |
Black bean tree (Castanospermum australe) |
leaves, seeds |
saponins and castanospermine, an indolizidine alkaloid |
Depression,Weight Loss, Labored Breathing, Diarrhea, Sudden Death, Frequent Urination |
Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) |
All parts |
robin, a toxalbumin |
Loss Of Appetite,
Diarrhea (Possibly Bloody),
Weakness,
Depression,
Paralysis,
Death. |
Black Nightshade (Solanum nigrum) |
All parts |
steroidal glycoalkaloids. Solanine is the principal toxin |
Diarrhea,
Dilated Pupils,
Loss Of Appetite,
Loss Of Muscular Coordination,
Convulsions,
Sudden Depression. |
Blue-green algae
(Microcystis aeruginosa) |
All parts |
Anatoxin A, mycrocystin |
Inability to swim or fly,
abnormal posture, frequent defecation, respiratory arrest |
Boxelder (Acer negundo) |
seeds |
hypoglycin A |
Weakness,
Stiffness,
Reluctance To Move,
Red-Brown Urine,
Rapid Respiratory Rate,
Difficulty Breathing<./td>
|
Calla lily
(Zantedeschia aethiopiea) |
All parts |
Oxalates |
Oral irritation, difficulty swallowing, vomiting |
Carolina Jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens) |
All parts |
strychnine-related alkaloids gelsemine, gelseminine and sempervirine |
Wry Neck,
Sudden Death,
Weakness, |
Castor bean (Ricinus
communis) |
All parts |
Ricin I & II, glycosidase |
Vomiting, diarrhea (may
be bloody) Note: similar symptoms may be seen with ingested prayer
beans, rosary peas or Seminole beads used in beadwork and rattles) |
Chinaberry (Melia azedarach) |
all parts |
tetranortriterpene neurotoxins |
Diarrhea,
Incoordination,
Depression,
Weakness,
Seizures,
Paralysis,
Death. |
Cassava Manihot esculenta |
Roots and leaves |
cyanogenic glycosides, linamarin and lotaustralin. |
Vomiting, diarrhea, oral irritation, incoordination, irregular heart rate, collapse |
Chokecherry (Prunus viginiana) |
All parts |
cyanogenic glycosides - amygdalin and prunasin |
Difficulty Breathing,
Weakness,
Hypersalivation,
Seizures,
Sudden Death. |
Christmas cherry
(Solanum pseudocapsicum) |
All parts including tubers and unripened fruit |
Solanine, atropine-like
alkaloids, saponins |
Vomiting, diarrhea, irregular or rapid
heart rate, difficulty swallowing, labored breathng, dilated pupils, no urine production,
paralysis, seizures |
Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) |
seed and cotyledons |
hepatoxin carboxyatractyloside, which is a sulfated diterpene glycoside |
Depression,
Increased Respiratory Rate,
Incoordination,
Stiffness,
Weakness,
Reluctance To Move,
Tremors,
Seizures,
Death. |
Coffee beans, (Sesbania
drumundii), Tea, Chocolate Beans (coffee) |
Leaves (tea), all chocolates especially dark |
Caffeine, theobromine,
theophylline |
Nervous system stimulation, increased rate of breathing and heart rate, seizures, diarrhea |
Coffee Senna
Senna occidentalis |
seeds |
dianthrone |
Marked Decrease In Egg Production
Death |
Corn Cockle
(Agrostemma githago) |
all parts |
saponin-like substances, githagin and agrostemmic acid |
Listless,
Unkempt Appearance (Rough Feathering),
Diarrhea,
Cheesy Material In Mouth,
Oral Lesions,
Decreased Respiratory Rate,
Decreased Heart Rate. |
Cottonseed
(Gossypium spp) |
Seeds |
gossypol, a poisonous phenolic |
Bluish-Purplish Comb/Wattles,
Yellow-Colored Comb/Wattle,
Sudden Death,
Weakness,
Loss Of Appetite. |
Creeping Indigo
(Indigofera spicata) |
All parts |
non-protein amino acid indospicine, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) |
Depression,
Appetite Loss,
Incoordination,
Recumbancy,
Death. |
Curly Dock
(Rumex crispus) |
All parts |
anthraquinones, oxalates and tannins |
Listlessness,
Dullness,
Incoordination,
Weakness,
Coma,
Excess Salivation,
Tremors,
Recumbency,
Sudden Death. |
Day Jessamine
(Cestrum diurnum) |
All parts |
calcinogenic glycosides of vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3) |
Hypercalcemia,
Nephrocalcinosis,
Demineralization Of Bones,
Calcinosis. |
Deathcamas
(Zigadenus venenosus) |
leaves, stems, bulbs, and flowers |
zygacine, a neurotoxic steroidal alkaloid |
Depression,
Trembling,
Incoordination,
Respiratory Failure,
Convulsions,
Coma,
Death. |
Diffenbachia
(Diffenbachia spp.) |
All parts |
Oxalates |
Oral irritation, difficulty swallowing, vomiting |
Eggplant (Solanum melongena) |
Stem, leaves, sprouts (ripe fruits are OK) |
Solanine, atropine-like alkaloids |
Vomiting, diarrhea, irregular or rapid
heart rate, difficulty swallowing, labored breathng, dilated pupils, no urine production, paralysis, seizures |
Elephant's ear
(Colocasia or Alocasia spp.) |
All parts |
Oxalates |
Oral irritation, difficulty swallowing, vomiting |
Emerald Feather
(Asparagus aethiopicus) |
stems |
unknown |
contact dermatitis in chickens |
Ergot (Claviceps
purpurea) |
All parts |
Ergopeptide alkaloids |
Poor blood supply to extremities, hyperexcitability, seizures |
European Spindletree
(Euonymus europaea) |
all parts |
digitalis-like cardioactive steroid and several alkaloids |
Diarrhea,
Weakness |
Fiddleneck
(Amsinckia menziesii) |
All parts |
pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) |
Appetite Loss,
Depression,
Jaundice,
Behavioral Changes,
Frequent Yawning,
Photosensitvity,
Loss Of Condition,
Head Pressing,
Diarrhea,
Weight Loss,
Incoordination,
Aimlessly Wandering,
Awkward Gaits. |
Fly Poison
(Amianthium muscaetoxicum) |
Entire plant |
cevanine-type veratrum ester alkaloids, amianthine, and jervine toxins |
Difficulty Breathing,
Weakness,
Lameness,
Collapse,
Death. |
Foxglove (Digitalis
pupurea) |
Entire plant, including
water from pot or vase |
Glycosides, digitalis |
Vomiting, diarrhea, oral irritation, incoordination, irregular heart rate, collapse |
Giant Hogweed
(Heracleum mantegazzianum) |
Sap |
photosensitizing furanocoumarins; several of which are known to be carcinogenic and teratogenic |
Photosensitvity |
Green Cestrum
(Cestrum parqui) |
all parts |
tropane alkaloids, solanines, and carboxyatractyloside |
Depression,
Difficulty Breathing,
Incoordination,
Stiffness,
Seizures,
Coma,
Death. |
Green Onion
(Allium ascalonicum) |
all parts |
N-propyl sulfide, allyl disulfide, and methyl disulfide |
Dark Red Urine,
Pale Comb And Wattles,
Increased Heart Rate,
Ataxia,
Paralysis,
Onion Breath. |
Ground Mexican Poppy
(Argemone mexicana) |
all parts |
isoquinoline alkaloids, dehydrocorydalmine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, and oxyberberine. The seeds contain toxic alkaloids sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine. |
Depression,
Extreme Swelling Of The Legs,
Death. |
Hairy Vetch
(Vicia villosa) |
all parts |
cyanogenetic glycosides. |
Labored Breathing,
Convulsions,
Excitability,
Sudden Death. |
Heliotrope
(Heliotropium europaeum) |
all parts |
pyrrolizidine alkaloids |
Appetite Loss,
Depression,
Jaundice,
Abdominal Swelling,
Nervousness,
Hyperexcitability,
Death,
Photosensitivity,
Incoordination. |
Holly
Ilex opaca |
berries |
saponins, terpenoids, sterols, alkaloids, and cyanogenic glucosides |
Diarrhea,
Depression. |
Horse Chestnut
(Aesculus hippocastanum) |
seeds, bark |
aescin, a complex mixture of saponins, |
Diarrhea,
Depression,
Dilated Pupils,
Coma,
Seizures. |
Horsenettle
(Solanum carolinense) |
seeds, bark |
highly toxic alkaloids, solanine. Solanine is a glycoalkaloid |
Diarrhea,
Weakness,
Slow Breathing,
Death. |
Houndstongue
(Cynoglossum officinale) |
all parts |
pyrrolizidine alkaloids---cynoglossine, consolidine, echinatine and heliosupine |
Weight Loss,
Jaundice,
Diarrhea,
Photosensitivity. |
Indian Mustard
(Brassica juncea) |
all parts |
accumulate high amounts of metals from the soil from where its grown |
Loss Of Appetite |
Indian Mustard
(Brassica juncea) |
all parts |
accumulate high amounts of metals from the soil from where its grown |
Loss Of Appetite |
Indian Pea (Lathyrus sativus)/td>
| Seeds |
β-N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid or ODAP, a neurotoxic amino acid |
causes wasting and paralysis in humans |
Jack-in-the-pulpit
(Arisaema triphyllum) |
Berries, roots, leaves |
needle-like calcium oxalate crystals |
Hypersalivation,
Difficulty Swallowing,
Blistering Mouth. |
Japanese Privet
(Ligustrum japonicum) |
all parts |
syringin (ligustrin), which is an irritant glycoside |
Diarrhea,
Renal Damage,
Death. |
Jerusalem cherry
(Solanum pseudocapsicum) |
All parts, including
tubers, sprouts, and unripe berries |
Solanine, atropine |
Vomiting, diarrhea, irregular or rapid
heart rate, difficulty swallowing, labored breathng, no urine production,
paralysis, seizures |
Jimsonweed (Datura
spp.) |
All parts, especially
seeds and leaves |
Atropine, scopolamine,
hyoscyamine |
Irregular or rapid
heart rate, difficulty swallowing, labored breathng, dilated pupils, no urine production,
paralysis, seizures |
Johnsongrass
(Sorghum halepense) |
All parts |
cyanogenic glycosides and nitrates |
Blue-Purplish Comb/Wattles,
Weakness,
Sudden Death. |
Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) |
seeds and leaves |
phytohaemagglutinin, a lectin, |
nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea in humans |
Lambsquarters
(Chenopodium album) |
all parts |
oxalates |
Difficulty Breathing,
Weak Heart Rate,
Tremors,
Weakness,
Death. |
Lily of the valley
(Convallaria majalis) |
All parts |
Cardiac glycosides:
convallatoxin |
Vomiting, diarrhea, oral irritation, incoordination, irregular heart rate, collapse |
Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) |
Seed Pods |
linamarin, a cyanogenic glycoside. |
Vomiting, diarrhea, oral irritation, incoordination, irregular heart rate, collapse |
Locoweed (Astragalus
emoryanus) |
Leaves |
Swainsonine, alkaloids |
Hyperexcitability,
incoordination, vomiting, drowsiness |
Longstalk Springparsley
(Cymopterus longipes) |
all parts |
furocoumarins, oxypeucedanin and isoimperitorin |
Redness And Swelling Of Unfeathered Areas,
Loss Of Feathers In The Periorbital Area,
Dried Serous Fluid On Comb And Edge Of Beak,
Keratoconjunctivitis,
Multiple Lesions On Feet And Legs,
Tremors In The Legs,
Limb And Beak Deformities. |
Lupine
Lupinus polyphyllus |
seeds leaves |
quinolizidine alkaloids |
Nervousness,
Depression,
Difficulty Breathing,
Aimlessly Wandering,
Muscle Twitching,
Excessive Salivation,
Convulsions,
Coma,
Death. |
Marshmallow
(Malva parviflora) |
all parts |
toxin is unknown |
Abnormal eggs |
Meadow Saffron
(Colchicum autumnale) |
all parts |
colchicine, a cytotoxic alkaloid |
Difficulty Swallowing,
Diarrhea,
Weakness,
Shock,
Respiratory Distress. |
Mango (Mangifera indica) |
Sap and Peel |
urushiol, the allergen in poison ivy and poison sumac |
can cause urushiol-induced contact dermatitis in humans |
Milkweed (Asclepias
spp.) |
All parts and latex
(milky juice) |
Cardenoloids (cardiac
glycosides) |
Oral and/or facial blisters, irregular heart rate, incoordination, collapse |
Mistletoe
(Phoradendron villosum) |
All parts, especially
holly berries |
Viscumin, viscotoxin |
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, labored breathing, irregular heart rate, collapse |
Monkshood
(Aconitum napellus) |
leaves stem, roots |
alkaloids, aconitine, mesaconitine, jesaconitine, hypaconitine and deoxyaconitine |
Diarrhea,
Tremors,
Cardiac Failure,
Convulsions,
Death. |
Mountain Laurel
(Kalmia latifolia) |
leaves berries |
grayanotoxins (andromedotoxins) and sodium channel activators |
Appetite Loss,
Diarrhea,
Depression,
Weakness,
Incoordination,
Paralysis,
Weak Heart Rate. |
Nardoo
(Marsilea drummondii) |
All parts |
thiaminase |
Weight Loss,
Lethargy,
Incoordination,
Tremors,
Weak Pulse,
Seizures,
Death. |
Nightshade (Solanum
spp.) |
All parts |
Belladonna, atropine-like alkaloids |
Vomiting, diarrhea, irregular or rapid
heart rate, difficulty swallowing, labored breathng, dilated pupils, no urine production,
paralysis, seizures |
Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) |
Seeds |
myristicin, a naturally occurring insecticide and acaricide with possible neurotoxic effects on neuroblastoma cells |
|
Oak (Quercus spp.) |
All parts |
Tannins |
Loss of appetite, diarrhea, increased thirst |
Oleander (Nerium
oleander) |
All parts |
Glycosides: oleadrum, neroside |
Vomiting, diarrhea, oral irritation, incoordination, irregular heart rate, collapse |
Paradoxa Grass
*Phaloris paradoxa) |
all parts |
tryptamine alkaloids |
Sudden Death |
Paterson's Curse
(Echium plantagineum) |
all parts |
pyrrolizidine alkaloids, particularly echiumine and echimidine |
Appetite Loss,
Depression,
Jaundice,
Behavioral Changes,
Photosensitvity,
Loss Of Condition,
Incoordination,
Aimlessly Wandering,
Death. |
Peach
(Prunus persica) |
leaves, flowers, bark and seeds |
cyanogenic glycosides |
Weakness,
Dilated Pupils,
Tremors,
Seizures,
Difficulty Breathing,
Sudden Death. |
Physic Nut
Jatropha curcas |
all parts |
Phytotoxins or toxalbumins are large, complex protein molecules of high toxicity |
Appetite Loss,
Diarrhea,
Weight Loss,
Dehydration,
Dilated Pupils,
Elevated Heart Rate,
Death. |
Philodendron
(Philodendron scandens) |
All parts, including roots |
Oxalates |
Oral irritation, difficulty swallowing, vomiting |
Poinsettia (Euphorbia
pulcheriama) |
Leaves, stem, white sap |
Phorbol esters |
Vomiting, diarrhea, facial or eye irritation |
Poison Hemlock
(Conium maculatum) |
all parts |
piperidine alkaloids, y-coniceine and coniine |
Salivation,
Weakness,
Nervous Signs,
Paralysis,
Diarrhea,
Reduced Growth,
Hepatic Congestion,
Enteritis. |
Pokeweed (Phytolacca
americana) |
Roots, leaves, berries |
Saponin |
Vomiting, tremors, collapse |
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) |
Stem, leaves, sprouts, green skins |
Solanine, atropine-like alkaloids |
Vomiting, diarrhea, irregular or rapid
heart rate, difficulty swallowing, labored breathng, dilated pupils, no urine production,
paralysis, seizures |
Ragwort
(Senecio jacobea) |
All parts |
pyrrolizidine alkaloids (jacobine, eruifoline, and senecionine) |
Lethargy,
Aimlessly Wandering,
Depression,
Chronic Weight Loss,
Photosensitization,
Weakness,
Listlessness,
Jaundice,
Diarrhea,
Blindness,
Circling. |
Rangers Button
(Sphenosciadium) |
All parts |
unknown |
Photosensitvity. |
Reed Canarygrass
(Phalaris arundinacea) |
All parts |
tryptamine alkaloids |
Difficulty Breathing
Weakness,
Lameness,
Collapse,
Death. |
Rhododendron (Rhodedendron simsii), Rhododendron species (Azalea) |
All parts |
Andromedotoxin, grayanotoxin |
Vomiting, weakness, collapse, seizure, stupor, coma |
Rhubarb
(Rheum rhabarbarum) |
All parts |
oxalic acid, anthranoids, anthraquinone glycosides, aloeemodin, physcion, tannins (5-10%), pectin, phenolic, and carboxylic acids. |
Jaundice,
Tremors,
Hypersalivation. |
Rosary Bean
(Abrus precatorius) |
seed |
abrin, toxalbumin |
Diarrhea,
Tremors,
Elevated Heart Rate,
Fever,
Death. |
Rubber Vine
(Cryptostegia grandiflora) |
all parts |
Cardiac glycosides |
Sleepiness,
Weakness,
Diarrhea,
Cardiac Arrhythmias,
Cold Extremities,
Sweating,
Difficulty Breathing,
Sudden Death. |
Sabi Star
(Adenium obesum) |
all parts |
cardioactive steroids and cardiac glycosides |
Bradycardia,
Cardiac Arrhythmias,
Hyperkalemia,
Colic,
Loss Of Appetite,
Lethargy. |
Sacred Bamboo
(Nandina domestica) |
whole plant concentraied in seeds |
cyanogenic glycosides and alkaloids (nantenine) |
Weakness,
Incoordination,
Seizures,
Difficulty Breathing,
Death. |
Sago Palm
(Cycas revoluta) |
whole plant concentraied in seeds |
cycasin |
Increased Thirst,
Jaundice,
Sudden Death. |
Showy Rattlebox
(Crotalaria spectabilis) |
seeds |
pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) |
Appetite Loss,
Depression,
Ruffled Feathers,
Necroitic Enteritis,
Easily Excitable,
Blood In Feces,
Nasal Discharge (Blood),
Weakness,
Incoordination. |
Spanish Gold
Sesbania punicea |
whole plant |
pyrrolizidine alkaloids |
Weight Loss,
Weakness,
Listlessness,
Incoordination,
Jaundice,
Aimlessly Wandering,
Sudden Death. |
Spring Parsley
(Cymopterus watsonii) |
whole plant concentrated in seed |
furocoumarins xanthotoxin bergapte |
Redness And Swelling Of Unfeathered Areas Of Skin (Followed By Blistering And Scabs),
Dried Serous Fluid On Comb And Edge Of Beak,
Keratoconjunctivitis,
Multiple Lesions On Feet And Legs,
Leg And Feet Deformities,
Beak Deformities,
Reduced Eyesight. |
SSt. John's Wort
(Hypericum perforatum) |
whole plant |
quinone called hypericin/td>
| Photosensitivity,
Listlessness,
Dilated Pupils,
Lameness,
Diarrhea. |
Star Of Bethlehem
(Ornithogalum umbellatum) |
whole plant |
cardioactive steroids (convallatoxin and convalloside)/td>
| Weakness,
Diarrhea,
Weak Pulse,
Difficulty Breathing,
Death. |
Sudan Grass
(Sorghum bicolor) |
whole plant |
cyanogenic glycosides and ergotism/td>
| Stumbling,
Paralysis,
Ataxia,
Ergot Toxicity. |
Summer Pheasant's Eye
(Adonis aestivalis) |
whole plant concentrated in leaves and flowers |
cardiac glycosides, adonitoxin, strophanthin, vernadigin, and cymarin/td>
| Lethargy,
Loss Of Appetite,
Colic,
Sleepiness,
Weakness,
Diarrhea,
Cardiac Arrhythmias,
Muscle Tremors,
Weak Peripheral Pulse,
Ileus,
Foul Odor,
Sweating,
Difficulty Breathing,
Dark Mucus Membranes,
Dehydration,
Sudden Death. |
Sweat Pea
(Lathyrus odoratus) |
whole plant |
enzyme beta-aminoproprionitrile (BAPN), which can cause Lathyrism a paralysis syndrome |
Stumbling,
Paralysis. |
Strychnine tree |
Bark Flowers |
nurotoxin alkaloids strychnine and brucine |
muscular convulsions and eventually death through asphyxia |
Tall Fescue
(Festuca arundinacea) |
seeds |
endophytic fungus, Neotyphodium coenophialum |
Reduced Growth Rate,
Decreased Egg Production,
Eggs Laid That Lack Shells |
Tobacco (Nicotiana
spp.) |
All parts |
Nicotine |
Vomiting, diarrhea, hyperexcitability, seizures, muscle twitching, coughing, eye irritation |
Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) |
Stem, leaves, sprouts (ripe fruits are OK) |
Solanine, atropine-like alkaloids |
Vomiting, diarrhea, irregular or rapid
heart rate, difficulty swallowing, labored breathng, dilated pupils, no urine production,
paralysis, seizures |
Toyon
(Heteromeles arbutifolia) |
all parts concentrated in seeds |
cyanogenic glycosides. |
Labored Breathing,
Frothing At The Mouth,
Incoordination,
Muscle Tremors,
And Convulsions. |
Virginia creeper
(Parthenocissus quinquefolio) |
Berries, leaves |
Oxalic acid |
Vomiting, diarrhea
(possibly bloody), drowsiness, stupor, renal failure |
Water Hemlock
(Cicuta virosa) |
all parts |
cicutoxin, a potent neurotoxin, and cicutol, an unsaturated aliphathic alcohol |
Nervousness,
Hypersalivation,
Tremors,
Dilated Pupils,
Grinding,
Rapid Pulse,
Rapid Breathing,
Seizures,
Death. |
Wild Radish
(Raphanus raphanistrum) |
flowers |
isothiocyanates |
irritate the bird's gastrointestinal tract. |
Wild Lettuce
(Lactuca virosa) |
leaves |
flavonoids, coumarins, and N-methyl-β-phenethylamine |
analgesic, sedative decreased level of consciousness, agitation, dry mucosa, mydriatic pupils, urinary retention |
Wormseed Mustard
(Chenopodium ambrosioides) |
flowers |
nitrates |
renal failure |
Yellow Starthistle
(Centaurea solstitialis) |
all parts |
sesquiterpene lactones that consist of: solstitialin A, repin, subluteolide, acroptilin, janerin, cynaropicrin, lactones solstitiolide and episolstitiolide. |
Dehydration,
Severe Weight Loss,
Depression. |
Yew (Taxus media) |
Wood, bark, seeds, leaves |
Alkaloids (taxines) |
Muscle tremors, difficulty breathing, collapse, sudden death |